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1 ῥάφανος
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `cabbage, Brassica cretica' (Att. etc.), `radish, Raphanus sativus' (Arist., pap.).Derivatives: 1. ῥαφανίς, - ῖδος f. `radish' (com. a.o.) with - ίδιον n. `id.' (Pl. Com.), - ιδώδης `like a radish' (Thphr.), - ιδόομαι `to be treated with radish' (Ar.); 2. ῥαφάν-ιον n. `radish' (pap.), also ῥαπάνιον; 3. - ινος `of radish' (pap., Dsc. a.o.), - ῖτις f. `kind of iris' (Plin.; Redard 76); 4. - ηδόν adv. `in a radish-like way' (medic.). -- Beside it ῥάφυς, ῥάπυς f. `turnip' (Ath. 9, 369b, 371 c). -- Very uncertain ῥάφας acc. pl. (after H. s. ῥαφανίς with Tryphon Dor.); prob. miswritten for ῥαφάνους or ῥαφ\<άν\>ας; cf. Phot. ῥάφανον την ῥαφανῖδα. Έπίχαρμος (Fr. 204) [improbable]. With ῥάφανος cf. πύανος, λάχανον, πήγανον a. other plantnames; of ῥάφυς, ῥάπυς remind σίκυς, κάχρυς, στάχυς a.o.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Old designation of the turnip, which is widespread in the Europ. languages but shows a varying vocalism, which points to old loans: Lat. rāpum n., -a f., OHG ruoba f., Lith. rópė f., which may all come fom IE * rāp-; besides OHG raba, Bayr. Kohlraben (influenced by Lat. rāpa?), Slav., e.g. R.-CSl. rěpa, Russ. répa f. (IE * rēp or secondary derailment?; cf. Machek Ling. Posn. 2, 158 ff.); here further, with ᾰ and almost general aspiration, Gr. ῥάπυς, ῥάφυς, ῥάφανος (on the formation above). Already because of the lacking prothet. vowel ῥάπυς etc. cannot be an IE heritage; to be rejected Carnoy REGr. 71, 98 and Ant. class. 24, 22. (Quite on themselves stand Celt. forms like Welsh erfin pl. `turnips'). -- The transer of the old word for `turnip' to black radish and cabbage will be due to the decline of the cultivation of the turnip in Greece; for `turbip' a new word, γογγυλίς, came into use. Details w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 341, Pok. 852, W.-Hofmann, Fraenkel and Vasmer s.vv.; on the facts also Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 612 and 2, 251. -- The variation π\/φ, and the suffix - αν-, show that the word is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,645Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥάφανος
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2 στείχω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to march in (in order), to march, to rise, to draw, to go' (ep. Ion. poet. Il., also Aeol. prose).Other forms: ( στίχω Hdt. 3, 14; coni. Dind. in S. Ant. 1129 ex H.), aor. 2. στιχεῖν (aor. 1. περί-στειξας δ 277).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, προσ-. As 2. element e.g. in μονό-στιχος `consisting of one verse' (Plu.), e.g. τρί-στοιχος `consisting of three rows' (μ 91), - εί adv. `in three rows' ( 473), μετα-στοιχεί meaning unclear (Ψ 358 a. 757); σύ-στοιχος `belonging to the same row, coordinated, corresponding' (Arist. etc.).Derivatives: From it, prob. as deverbative, but also related to στίχες (Leumann Hom. Wörter 185 f.), στιχάομαι, also w. περι-, συν-, `id.' in 3. pl. ipf. ἐστιχόωντο (Il., Theoc., Nonn.), pres. στιχόωνται (Orph.), act. στιχόωσι, ptc. n. pl. - όωντα (hell. a. late ep.); ὁμοστιχάει 3. sg. pres. `escorted' (Ο 635: *ὁμό-στιχος or for ὁμοῦ στ.?). -- Nouns. A. στίχ-ες pl., gen. sg. στιχ-ός f. `rank(s), file(s)', esp. of soldiers, `battle-array, line of battle' (ep. poet. Il.). -- B. στίχος m. `file, rank', of soldiers, trees, etc., often of words `line' in verse and prose (Att. etc.). στιχ-άς f. `id.' only in dat. pl. στιχάδεσσι ( Epigr.). Dim. - ίδιον (Plu.); - άριον `coat, tightly fitting garment' (pap.). Adj. - ινος, - ικός, - ήρης, - ηρός, adv. - ηδόν (late). Vb - ίζω `to arrange in rows' (LXX; v. l. στοιχ-) with - ιστής. - ισμός (Tz.), περι- στείχω = περιστοιχίζω (s.bel.; A.). -- C. στοῖχος m. `file or column of soldiers, choir members, ships etc., layer of building stones, row of trees, poles etc.' (IA.). From this στοιχ-άς f. `arranged in rows' ( ἐλᾶαι, Sol. ap. Poll. a.o.), - άδες ( νῆσοι) name of a group of islands near Massilia (A. R. a.o.); from this the plantname στοιχάς (Orph., Dsc.) after Strömberg 127 (with Dsc.), with - αδίτης οἶνος `wine spiced with s.' (Dsc.). Cultnames of Zeus resp. Athena: - αῖος (Thera), - αδεύς (Sikyon), - εία (Epid.) referring to the arrangement in phylai. Further adj. - ιαῖος `measuring one row' (Att. inscr.), - ικός (late); adv. - ηδόν (Arist. etc.), - ηδίς (Theognost.) `line by line'. Verbs: 1. στοιχ-έω (because of the meaning hardly deverbative with Schwyzer 720), also w. περι-, συν- a. o., `to form a row, to stand in file and rank, to match, to agree, to be content, to follow' (X., Att. inscr., Arist. hell. a. late); - ούντως `matching, consequent' (Galatia, Aug. time). 2. - ίζω, often w. περι-, also δια-, κατα-, `to arrange in a line, to order' (A. Pr. 484 a. 232, X. a.o.) with - ισμός (Poll.); περι- στείχω `to fence in all around with nets (net-poles), to ensnare' (D., Plb. etc.). -- D. στοιχεῖον, often pl. - εῖα n. `letters in freestanding, alphabetical form' (beside γράμματα `character, script'), also (arisen from this?) `lines, (systematic) dogmas, principles, (physical) element' (Pl., Arist. etc.), `heavenly bodies, elementary spirits, nature demons, magic means' (late a. Byz.); also `shadow-line' as time-measure (Att. com.; cf. σκιὰ ἀντίστοιχος E. Andr. 745) a.o.; prop. "object related to a row, entering a row, forming a part of a whole, member of a row" (on the formation cf. σημεῖον, μνημεῖον, ἐλεγεῖον a.o.); on the development of the meaning which is in many ways unclear Burkert Phil. 103, 167 ff. w. further extensive lit., esp. Diels Elementum (1899). Diff. Lagercrantz (s. Bq); to be rejected. - From it στοιχει-ώδης `belonging to the στοιχεῖα, elementary' (Arist. etc.), of barley `in several rows' as opposed to ἄ-στοιχος πυρός (Thphr.), so either = στοιχ-ώδης or miswritten for it. Denom. verb. στοιχει-όω `to introduce to the principles' (Chrysipp. a.o.), `to equip with magical powers, to charm' (Byz.; cf. Blum Eranos 44, 315ff.) with - ωσις, - ωμα, - ωτής, - ωτικός (Epicur., Phld. a.o.), - ωματικός (Ps.-Ptol.); cf. on this Mugler Dict. géom. 380 f.Etymology: Old inherited group with several representatives also in other idg. languages. The full grade thematic present στείχω agrees exactly to Germ. and Celtic forms, e.g. Goth. steigan ` steigen', OIr. tiagu `stride, go', IE *stéighō. Beside it Skt. has a zero grade nasal present stigh-no-ti `rise'; similar, inmeaning deviant, OCS po-stignǫ `get in, reach, hit' (length of the stemvowel secondary). A deviant meaning is also shown by the full grade yot-present Lit. steig-iù, inf. steĩg-ti `found, raise', also (obsolete) `hurry'; on this Fraenkel s. v. -- Further several nouns, esp. in Germ.: OHG steg m. ` Steg, small bridge', OWNo. stig n. `step' from PGm. * stiga-z, -n, IE * stigh-o-s (= στίχος), - o-m; OE stige -n. `going up, down' (i-stem from older rootnoun = στίχ-ες?). With oi-ablaut Alb. shtek `transit, entrance, road, hair-parting' (= στοῖχος), thus Goth. staiga, OHG steiga f. `mountain-path, road', Latv. staiga f. `course', cf. Lith. adv. staigà `suddenly' (would be Gr. *στοιχή) etc., s. WP. 2, 614 f., Pok. 1017 f., also W.-Hofmann s. vestīgium w. further forms a. lit.Page in Frisk: 2,783-785Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στείχω
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3 τραγῳδός
A member of the tragic chorus,εἴ τις τ. φησιν ὀρχεῖσθαι καλῶς Ar.V. 1498
, cf. 1505: usu. in pl., (lvr.);τοῖς χοροῖσι τῶν τ. Id.Av. 787
(troch.); τ. καὶ χοροί dub. l. in Th. 391 (v. τραγῳδικός); χορηγὸς τραγῳδῶν D.21.59
;τραγῳδοὺς καταλέγειν IG12.187.9
; τραγῳδῶν (sc. ἐνίκα χορὸς οὗ) Περικλῆς Χολαργεὺς ἐχορήγει ib.22.2318.9; παλαιὸν δρᾶμα πρῶτον παρεδίδαξαν οἱ τ. ib. 203;Ἀριφράδης τοὺς τ. ἐκωμῴδει, ὅτι ἅ οὐδεὶς ἂν εἴποι ἐν τῇ διαλέκτῳ, τούτοις χρῶνται Arist.Po. 1458b32
;τοῖς δὲ τ. ἕτερος σεμνὸς πᾶσιν λόγος ἄλλος ὅδ' ἐστίν Crates Com.24
;ὡς οἱ τ. φασιν οἷς ἐξουσία ἔστιν λέγειν ἅπαντα καὶ ποιεῖν μόνοις Diph.30.4
.2 pl. also, = tragedy or a performance of tragedy, ἐν τοῖσι τ. on the tragic stage, Ar.Av. 512;τραγῳδοῖς Aeschin.3.36
;οὐδὲ.. ὑποκριταὶ κωμῳδοῖς τε καὶ τραγῳδοῖς οἱ αὐτοί Pl.R. 395a
;τεθέασαι τραγῳδούς Men.Epit. 108
;χορηγεῖν τραγῳδοῖς Is.6.60
;οἱ ἐν ἄστει τ. Aeschin.3.41
, cf. 154; καινοῖς τραγῳδοῖς at the performance of new tragedies, IG22.956.34, 1028, Docum. ap. D.18.54, cf. Aeschin.3.34;θεωμένων καινοὺς τ. Ἀθηναίων Plu.Phoc.19
;νενικηκὼς τραγῳδοῖς And.4.42
, cf. Thphr.Char. 22.2;Διονυσίων τραγῳδοῖς Supp.Epigr.1.362.29
(Samos, iv B. C.); Διονυσίων ᾗ τραγῳδοί on the day of the Dionysia on which there is a tragic performance, IG12(8).640 (Peparethus, ii B. C.); τραγῳδῶν τῷ ἀγῶνι ib.12(5).1341 (Paros, iii B. C.), 22.1214; τραγῳδῶν τῷ ἀγῶνι τῷ καινῷ ib.682.76;τραγῳδὸς ἦν ἀγὼν Διονύσια Men.873
(fort. τραγῳδῶν or - δοῖς); τοὺς γὰρ τραγῳδοὺς πρῶτον, εἰ βούλει, σκόπει ὡς ὠφελοῦσι πάντας Timocl.6.8
;εἰς τοὺς τραγῳδοὺς εὔθετ', οὐκ εἰς τὸν βίον Philem.105
.II performer (actor and singer) of tragedy,ἡ τῶν τ. ἐν τῇ σκευῇ πρὸς ἀλλήλους ὁμιλία Arist. Oec. 1344a21
;ὑπεκρίθησαν τ. μὲν Θεσσαλὸς κτλ. Chares 4
J., cf. Plu.2.334d;Νεοπτόλεμος ὁ τ. D.S. 16.92
, cf. IG22.1132.39 (Delph., iii B. C.);Αἰσώπῳ τῷ τ. Plu. Cic.5
;οἵδε ἐπεδείξαντο τῷ θεῷ.. · τραγῳδοί· Θεόδωρος Μεγαρεύς, Φιλοκλείδης Χαλκιδεύς IG11(2).105.17
(Delos, iii B. C.);ὡς οἱκακοὶ τ. μόνοι ᾆσαι οὐ δύνανται ἀλλὰ μετὰ πολλῶν Arr.Epict.3.14.1
;οἱ τ. χοροῦ δέονται φίλων συνᾳδόντων Plu.2.63a
;ἐπειδὴ Νίκων.. τ... ἀξιὠθεὶς ἐπέδωκε τῷ θεῷ ἁμέραν καὶ ἀγωνίξατο.. · καλέσαι.. αὐτὸν καὶ τοὺς μετ' αὐτοῦ τοὺς ἄρχοντας καὶ ἐν τὸ πρυτανεῖον SIG659.3
(Delph., ii B. C.), cf. 424.42 (Delph., iii B. C.), al., OGI51.47 (Egypt, iii B. C.), IG7.3196.19 (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.), D.Chr.33.8, Luc.Nav.46, Anach.23, Hist.Conscr.1, 22, M.Ant.3.8; τραγῳδούς miswritten for - δός in SIG509.12 (Delph., iii B. C.), and perh. in IG7.1773.21 ([place name] Thespiae).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τραγῳδός
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4 ἀνενετεῖ
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: ἀρνεῖται H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 34: = *ἀναινετεῖ; cf. ἀναίνομαι and αἰνετός. Or simply miswritten for ἀναίνεται.Page in Frisk: 1,106Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀνενετεῖ
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5 σκύλλω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: approx. `to lacerate, to tear up, to flay', mostly metaph. `to pester, to tire, to bother, to trouble, to vex', midd.-pass. `to strain', aor. act. `to infest, to plunder' (pap., inscr., NT, late prose; rarely poet.: A., Nic., AP; s. bel.).Derivatives: 1. σκυλ-μός m. `bothering, tribulation' (hell. a. late), `the rending' (sch.) with - μώδης (Vett. Val.); 2. - μα ( κόμης) n. `the tussling, tousling, tousled hair' (AP); 3. σκύλσις θυμός, σάλος, ταραχή H., - τικός (Vett. Val.). -- 4. σκύλος n. ( σκύλα pl. Nic. Th. 422) `stripped hide, skin' (Call., Theoc., AP; cf. δέρμα: δέρω), `nutshell' (Nic.); as 1. member in σκῠλο-δέψης m. `tanner' (Ar.), - ός `id.' (D.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 112f.). Also σκῦλος n. (Herod. 3, 68 with ῦ after σκῦτος, if not miswritten for it). -- On κοσκυλμάτια s. v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Together with its derivations σκύλλω is esp. known from the later colloquial language and in the metaph. meaning `pester etc.'. Through adaptation to σκῦλον the aor. σκῦλαι got the meaning of `harass, plunder' ( ἱερόν etc.). Similarly ( ἀπο-)σκύλαιο aor. opt. midd. 2. sg. of the hair and head `abrade, uncover' (Nic.), to which further ἔσκυλται ( κόμη) `is teared apart, tousled' (AP); from the older language only pres. σκύλλονται `they are (by the fishes) stripped of their flesh', of the drowned warriors (A. Pers. 577 [lyr.]) and he noun σκῠλο-δέψης; to this with metathesis ξύλλεσθαι = σκύλλεσθαι, συλᾶσθαι ( SIG 56, 3; Argos Va; cf. Schwyzer 329). -- Since long (s. Curtius 169, WP. 2, 591, Pok. 923f.) connected with the group of σκάλλω (s. v.), where υ in σκύλλω would be a reduced vowel (Schwyzer 351) [which is impossible]. Or cross with μιστύλλω and other verbs in - ύλλω ? -- Diff. Persson Beitr. 1, 375 (s. Bq). -- Cf. σκῦλα, - ον, also συλάω.Page in Frisk: 2,742Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκύλλω
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6 ῥώψ 2
ῥώψ 2.Grammatical information: ?Meaning: Egypt. word for `ship'; cf. πλοῖον παπύρινον, ο καλεῖται Αἰγυπτιστὶ ῥώψ ( UPZ 81: II 7; ptol.); also ρωμσις `id.' (pap.); miswritten in ῥώνιξις ποταμίας νεὼς εἶδος H.; s. Lidén Glotta 42, 149 w. lit.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Egypt.Page in Frisk: 2,669Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥώψ 2
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